-
- Up one level
- Biological Embedding of Early Social Adversity: From Fruit Flies to Kindergartners
Arthur M. Sackler Colloquium, December 8-9, 2011, Irvine CA
"Socioeconomic position is the single most powerful determinant of health and development within every human society on earth. Rapidly accumulating evidence suggests that differential exposure to early childhood adversities contributes strongly to the observed social disparities in mental and physical health, cognitive and socioemotional development, and lifetime educational and economic attainment."
- Brain Changes Suggest Autism Starts In The Womb
The symptoms of autism may not be obvious until a child is a toddler, but the disorder itself appears to begin well before birth.
Brain tissue taken from children who died and also happened to have autism revealed patches of disorganization in the cortex, a thin sheet of cells that's critical for learning and memory, researchers report in the New England Journal of Medicine. Tissue samples from children without autism didn't have those characteristic patches.
By Jon Hamilton. Originally published on Thu March 27, 2014 11:03 am
- Diane Rehm Show - New Research On Teens, Toddlers and Mobile Devices
Diane Rehm Show - New Research On Teens, Toddlers and Mobile Devices Rebroadcast Dec 28 2015 The way kids engaged with media used to be pretty straightforward – watch TV, listen to music or read. With the ubiquity of mobile devices, all these activities can be done in a variety of different ways. As a new study from Common Sense Media points out, this makes it harder than ever to define “screen time,” and to understand what is beneficial and what is detrimental to a child’s development. As researchers and parents wrestle with this issue, study after study confirms that kids of all ages, from babies to teens, are spending more and more time in front of screens. Diane and her guests discuss the latest research on screen time and kids. Guests Lisa Guernsey director of the Learning Technologies Project in the Education Policy Program, New America Rachel Barr associate professor in the department of psychology, Georgetown University Dr. Michael Rich founder and director, The Center on Media and Child Health; associate professor of pediatrics, Harvard Medical School James Steyer founder and CEO, Common Sense Media Transcript available.
- Intrauterine exposure to tobacco and executive functioning in high school
Ruth Rose-Jacobs et al. Drug and Alcohol Dependence.1 July 2017;176:169–175. Highlights: High School teachers masked to study objectives rated executive functioning (EF). Intrauterine tobacco exposure associated with less optimal behavioral regulation. <0.5 pack tobacco exposure resulted in 2–3 times greater odds executive dysfunction. Neither other intrauterine nor environmental exposures predicted less optimal EF. Prenatal counseling should emphasize all legal and illegal substance abstinence.
- Maternal immune activation: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders
Myka L. Estes, A. Kimberley McAllister. Science 19 Aug 2016;353(6301):772-777 Epidemiological evidence implicates maternal infection as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Animal models corroborate this link and demonstrate that maternal immune activation (MIA) alone is sufficient to impart lifelong neuropathology and altered behaviors in offspring. This Review describes common principles revealed by these models, highlighting recent findings that strengthen their relevance for schizophrenia and autism and are starting to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MIA on offspring. The role of MIA as a primer for a much wider range of psychiatric and neurologic disorders is also discussed. Finally, the need for more research in this nascent field and the implications for identifying and developing new treatments for individuals at heightened risk for neuroimmune disorders are considered.
- Prenatal arsenic exposure and the epigenome
Prenatal arsenic exposure and the epigenome: Identifying sites of 5-methyl cytosine alterations that predict functional changes in gene expression in newborn cord blood and subsequent birth outcomes
Daniel Rojas, Julia E. Rager, Lisa Smeester, Kathryn A. Bailey, Zuzana Drobná, Marisela Rubio-Andrade, Miroslav Stýblo, Gonzalo García-Vargas and Rebecca C. Fry. Toxicological Sciences. Published online 10 Oct 2014.
- Prevalence and Characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Prevalence and Characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Philip A. May, et al. Pediatrics 2014(November 1);134(5):855 -866. . Published online October 27, 2014.